History Howayek

1 history

1.1 roots
1.2 emigration mount lebanon
1.3 registering name hawayek
1.4 expansion in lebanon
1.5 land ownership
1.6 education
1.7 immigration

history
roots

howayek have origins in arab christian tribe of ghassanids (bani ghassan بني غسان). include maalouf , jebara families. families settled in houran, southern syria. hawayek family settled in sirghaya, in south west syria.

emigration mount lebanon

after crusaders departed middle east christian communities fell victim persecution of mameluks , ottoman turks after them. mameluks had conquered syria , nepale , remained rulers until 16th century when consumed expanding ottoman empire.

the howayek family refugees maintained community life around maronite patriarchate along majority of maronite christian families preferred system alternatives. relatively uninhabited keserwan region in lebanon allowed maronite settlement , patriarchate established in batroun, north lebanon. hawayek clan known centre on town of hsarat, mount lebanon, in 18th century.

registering name hawayek

with move mount lebanon families required register ottoman turkish authorities. because majority weavers ottoman registration office in batroun recorded them houwayyek (meaning weaver). others believe name after plant (haeik, الحائك).

expansion in lebanon

the demographic expansion of maronite christians continued towards chouf , metn. resulted in hawayek family splitting main 3 locations found in today. chouf exodus went hawayeks settled in bdadoun, , in 19th century part of them moved , settled in helta in north of lebanon.

since moved other parts of lebanon: amshit, in jbeil; jdeidet, in metn; , lebanese capital city of beirut (greater beirut). known located in following places: ain saadeh, bsaeba, baabda, hadath, bawshriyeh, jezzine, rashkideh , aoura.

land ownership

the peasants in lebanon did not own land worked owned christian feudal lords gave farmers allowance work did. unlike north lebanon chouf region belonged druze lords , did not fall under christian fiefdoms. meant hawayeks moved there had take farming jobs under new rules not allowed own land. hawayeks remained in north owned land worked on. population grew druze lords allowed peasants build churches on land. in later years druze chieftains paid farmers allocating them land. @ time hawayeks began own land in chouf , aley districts.

education

at turn of 20th century improved financial status of family allowed children higher education possible. many received education country s higher education institutions , travelled abroad study.

immigration

with lebanese waves of emigration people hawayek family left. ottoman period, lebanese civil war , later economic decline caused members of hawayek flee lebanon seeking security , economic stability. large section of family emigrated countries outside lebanon , united states, canada, france, argentina, brazil or australia.