Chandragupta Maurya Maurya Empire

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the pataliputra capital, showing greek , persian influence, maurya empire period, 4th-3rd century bc.


chandragupta campaigned against macedonians when seleucus nicator, in process of creating seleucid empire out of eastern conquests of alexander great, tried reconquer northwestern parts of india in 305 bce. seleucus failed (seleucid–mauryan war), 2 rulers concluded peace treaty: marital treaty (epigamia) concluded, in greeks offered princess alliance , him. chandragupta snatched satrapies of paropamisade (kamboja , gandhara), arachosia (kandhahar) , gedrosia (balochistan), , seleucus nicator received 500 war elephants have decisive role in victory against western hellenistic kings @ battle of ipsus in 301 bce. diplomatic relations established , several greeks, such historian megasthenes, deimakos , dionysius resided @ mauryan court.


chandragupta established strong centralized state administration @ pataliputra, which, according megasthenes, surrounded wooden wall pierced 64 gates , 570 towers . aelian, although not expressly quoting megasthenes nor mentionning pataliputra, described indian palaces superior in splendor persia s susa or ectabana. architecture of city seems have had many similarities persian cities of period.


chandragupta s son bindusara extended rule of mauryan empire towards southern india. famous tamil poet mamulanar of sangam literature described how deccan plateau invaded maurya army. had greek ambassador @ court, named megasthenes.


megasthenes describes disciplined multitude under chandragupta, live simply, honestly, , not know writing:



indians live frugally, when in camp. dislike great undisciplined multitude, , consequently observe order. theft of rare occurrence. megasthenes says in camp of sandrakottos, wherein lay 400,000 men, found thefts reported on 1 day did not exceed value of 2 hundred drachmae, , among people have no written laws, ignorant of writing, , must therefore in business of life trust memory. live, nevertheless, happily enough, being simple in manners , frugal. never drink wine except @ sacrifices. beverage liquor composed rice instead of barley, , food principally rice-pottage. strabo xv. i. 53–56, quoting megasthenes.




^ in royal residences in india greatest of kings of country live, there many objects admiration neither memnon s city of susa extravagance, nor magnificence of ectabana compared them. (...) in parks, tame peacocks , pheasants kept. aelian, characteristics of animals aelian, characteristics of animals, book xiii, chapter 18, quoted in cambridge history of india, volume 1, p411
^ architectural closeness of buildings in achaemenid iran , mauryan india have raised comment. royal palace @ pataliputra striking example , has been compared palaces @ susa, ecbatana, , persepolis aśoka , decline of mauryas, volume 5, p.129, romila thapar, oxford university press, 1961
^ history of ancient , medieval india: stone age 12th century upinder singh p.331
^ kosmin 2014, p. 32.






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