Austrian succession First Silesian War

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maria theresa of austria c. 1744, martin van meytens


forty-five years later, opportunity arose brandenburg–prussia press these claims, when habsburg emperor charles vi died in 1740 without male heir. pragmatic sanction of 1713, charles had established eldest daughter successor hereditary titles, , upon death duly became ruler of archduchy of austria, of bohemian , hungarian lands within habsburg monarchy, archduchess maria theresa. during emperor charles’s lifetime, pragmatic sanction acknowledged imperial states, when died promptly contested several parties.


the newly crowned king frederick ii of prussia saw in austria s succession crisis opportune moment seizure of silesia. historians have downplayed importance of family s antique claims in region in frederick s decision invade; province populous , industrialized, yet economic factors seem not have weighed heavily in prussian attack. rather, geostrategic considerations played leading role: frederick believed (correctly) prince-elector frederick augustus ii of saxony, ruled poland in personal union, interested in taking control of silesia connect 2 realms 1 contiguous territory surround brandenburg.


after emperor charles s death on 20 october, frederick resolved strike first; on 8 november ordered mobilization of prussian army, , on 11 december issued ultimatum maria theresa demanding surrender of silesia. in return, promised acknowledge pragmatic sanction , give vote elector of brandenburg in imperial election maria theresa s husband, duke francis stephen of lorraine. not waiting response, led troops across lightly defended silesian frontier on 16 december 1740, beginning first silesian war.








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