Biography Vladimir Herzog

1 biography

1.1 life
1.2 education , career
1.3 arrest , murder

1.3.1 aftermath

biography
early life

herzog born in osijek, kingdom of yugoslavia province of sava banovina (currently croatia) on 27 june 1937, zigmund , zora herzog, croatian jewish family emigrated brazil in 1940s, escape nazi persecution.

education , career

herzog received bachelor s degree in philosophy university of são paulo in 1959. after graduation, worked journalist in major media outlets in brazil, notably in newspaper o estado de s. paulo. during period decided use vladimir instead of vlado first name, because felt real name sounded extremely exotic in brazil. herzog later work in london bbc 3 years.

in 1970s herzog became editor-in-chief of tv cultura, public tv station managed são paulo state government. became journalism professor @ university of são paulo school of communication , arts , @ fundação armando alvares penteado s defunct journalism course. developed career playwright, gathering theater intellectuals. later in life, herzog became active in civil resistance movement against military dictatorship in brazil, member of brazilian communist party (portuguese: partido comunista brasileiro - pcb).

arrest , murder

on 24 october 1975 – when herzog editor-in-chief of tv cultura – brazilian army agents summoned him testify connections illegal pcb. following day, herzog went doi-codi in order comply summons. interrogation, however, conducted through torture session. arrested other 2 journalists, jorge duque estrada benigno , rodolfo konder, later confirmed beating.

on 25 october, herzog s body found hanging in prison cell. before revision, death certificate stated suicide hanging . doi-codi officers have placed body in position found in order inform press had committed suicide. there several facts in photos of herzog s dead body prove impossibility of suicide attempt. not have hanged himself belt, because officers collected belts inmates. legs bent , in neck there 2 marks of hanging instead of one, showing strangled death.

aftermath

herzog married advertising agent clarice herzog, whom had 2 children. death of husband, clarice went through rough times having tell young children happened father. 3 years later able legally blame union death of husband. still unable cope herzog s death, has said vlado contribute more society if alive .

lenient. whom? camila souza ramos , marilia melhado.

generating wave of protests international press, , initiating process in defense of human rights in latin america, death of herzog boosted movement against military dictatorship in brazil.

the autopsy inconclusive, @ time forensic pathologists members of police , systematically produced false autopsy reports in cases of death torture.

public opinion, however, never accepted version , murder generated national indignation. president of republic @ time, general ernesto geisel upset these , other actions called criminals of largely parallel power of military-directed violent political repression. result, ordered clean-up , reduction in these activities, firing main ultra-right wing general behind it, ednardo d Ávila melo.

according henry sobel, chief rabbi of main synagogue of são paulo @ time, murder of herzog changed country. catalyst of eventual restoration of democracy. death painful memory of shady period of repression, perpetual echo of voice of freedom, never kept silent .

after finding out herzog s body bore marks of torture, rabbi sobel decided should buried in center of cemetery rather in corner, jewish tradition demands in cases of suicide. made public , destroyed official version of suicide. officially, first irrefutable proof herzog s death not suicide reported in fernando pacheco jordão s dossier herzog - prisão, tortura e morte no brasil. author points out picture provided military proof of herzog s suicide portrayed prisoner hanging prison belt tied in cell s bars feet touching floor , knees notably bent.

by time of herzog s death, brazil in extreme tension. military had been in power on ten years , brazilian population in fear. herzog thirty-eighth person commit suicide after being arrested military. first thirty-seven however, not renowned herzog was. precisely because public figure death attracted public , governmental attention case. death seen today beginning of end of brazilian military dictatorship. herzog has become symbol of fight democracy in brazil , has been honoured in many ways, such attributing street tv cultura located in são paulo. in addition, public prize journalism devoted amnesty , human rights has been established name (prêmio de jornalismo vladimir herzog de anistia e direitos humanos).

later, in civil lawsuit filed widow against government, federal tribunal recognized wrongful death , granted monetary damages herzog s family. documentary director joão batista de andrade, titled herzog - 30 anos, filmed in 2005. in same year, new photographs of still-living , naked herzog in prison cell released on internet, authorized high-ranking military officer in president luiz inácio lula da silva s office.

at request of several religious , human rights groups, inter-american commission on human rights, part of organization of american states, investigate conflicting circumstances surrounding death of vladmir herzog, according 23 january 2013 announcement.

a new death certificate issued 37 years after herzog s death indicate died due physical torture @ facilities of doi-codi in 2nd army in são paulo. previous certificate indicated possible suicide.

ivo herzog, son of vladimir herzog, delivered petitions josé maria marin s removal brazilian football confederation (cbf) , 2014 fifa world cup. ivo cited speeches marin delivered congressional representative praised sérgio fleury, head of department of political , social order (departamento de ordem politica e social) during brazil s military dictatorship, , criticizing herzog in speeches 1975.