Background Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–14)

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quneitra governorate came modern shape in 1946, syrian independence french mandatory rule. borders of governorate extended during 1948 war israel, syria occupied parts of jordan , huleh valleys, adjacent sea of galilee. during six-day war in 1967, israel captured western golan heights syria, reduced syrian-controlled quneitra part 1 third of size. after failed attempt recapture region in yom kippur war of 1973, syria , israel have remained in shaky truce united nations-monitored demilitarized zone (dmz) separating countries. many countries have condemned israel s occupation of golan heights, unilateral annexation of area in 1981 , subsequent settlement construction.


the border remained quiet 4 decades until outbreak of arab spring. during 2011 israeli border demonstrations, palestinian protesters approached border , subsequently fired upon israeli forces. 4 demonstrators killed , dozens injured. additionally, israeli soldiers injured when protesters attempted cross druze town of majdal shams located on israeli-occupied side of ceasefire line. syrian civil war progressed, border clashes began escalate, spillover conflicts in lebanon , turkey prompting fears of escalation wider regional conflict.


there concerns of civil unrest on israeli side of border well, particularly among golan druze. druze population of israeli-occupied portion of golan heights numbers around 20,000 individuals, majority of them still holding syrian citizenship. prior war, golan druze overwhelmingly in support of government of bashar al-assad, government has long been staunchly supportive of interests , opposition israeli rule. many of them able conduct business across border in syria result of agreements between syrian , israeli governments. civil war deepened, however, minority of golan druze began voice opposition assad government. according local sources, perhaps 22 individuals had crossed border syria fight rebels late september 2012. public support syrian government nevertheless remains high, while rumours of pro-assad spies intimidate potential dissenters fearful of being banned cross-border trade.








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