Reception and impact Lenore (ballad)

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gottfried august bürger


lenore immediate sensation in germany , translated different languages, brought great deal of popularity in many european countries , united states, , generated numerous imitations, parodies, [and] adaptations . first english translation published in march 1796, when william taylor s rendering of ballad, ellenore, appeared in monthly magazine. translation, however, completed in 1790, , had been declaimed, applauded , discussed in norwich literary circles . after walter scott heard how enthusiastically crowd @ dugald stewart s house had reacted reading of taylor s version done anna laetitia barbauld, attempted acquire manuscript of bürger s original. in 1794, when had received one, impressed made own rendering, william , helen, in less day. scott s version passed hand hand, , extremely received. in 1796, 3 new english translations published william robert spencer, henry james pye , john thomas stanley. translations james beresford , dante gabriel rossetti published in 1800 , 1844, respectively, , both have been hailed faithful translations of bürger s original work.


other notable translators of lenore english include frederic shoberl, julia margaret cameron , john oxenford. sigmund zois , france prešeren translated ballad slovenian, while vasily zhukovsky , pavel katenin published translations in russian. version in italian made giovanni berchet , both leopoldo augusto de cueto , juan valera made own translations spanish. gérard de nerval, obsessed text, published 5 translations in french, 2 in prose , 3 in verse.


between 1797 , 1800, samuel taylor coleridge wrote christabel, according german critics influenced bürger s lenore. percy bysshe shelley impressed lenore , treasured copy of poem had handwritten himself. shelley biographer charles s. middleton further suggests hinted, plausibly, leonora of bürgher first awakened poetic faculty. tale of such beauty , terror might have kindled lively imagination . influences of bürger s poem on monk lewis, john keats , william wordsworth have been noted, , of verses have been used other authors on own works. verse die todten reiten schnell ( dead travel fast ) particularly famous being cited bram stoker in first chapter of novel dracula (1897). charles dickens alludes thought dead travel fast in christmas carol (1843), during exchange between scrooge , ghost of marley ( travel fast? said scrooge. on wings of wind, replied ghost.)


the verse laß sie ruhn, die todten ( leave dead in peace ) , poem later inspire story of same title ernst raupach.








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