In the Crown of Aragon Forced conversions of Muslims in Spain

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the crown of aragon in spain.


despite presiding on conversions of muslims in wife s castilian lands, ferdinand ii did not extend conversions aragonese subject. kings of aragon, including ferdinand, required swear oath of coronation not forcibly convert muslim subjects. repeated same oath cortes (assembly of estates) in 1510, , throughout life unwilling break it. ferdinand died in 1516, , succeeded grandson charles v, swore same oath @ coronation.


the first wave of forced conversions in crown of aragon happened during revolt of brotherhoods. rebellion bearing anti-muslim sentiment broke out among christian subjects of valencia in 1520s, , active in forced muslims become christians in territories controlled. muslims joined crown in suppressing rebellion, playing crucial roles in several battles. after rebellion suppressed, muslims regarded conversions forced rebels invalid , returned faith. subsequently, king charles (also known charles v of holy roman empire) started investigation determine validity of conversions. commission tasked investigation started working in november 1524. charles upheld conversions, putting forcibly converted subjects under authority of inquisition. supporters of decision argued muslims had choice when confronted rebels: have chosen refuse , die, did not, indicating conversions happened out of free , must remain in effect.


at same time, charles tried release himself oath swore protect muslims. wrote pope clement vii in 1523 , again in 1524 dispensation. clement resisted request, issued in may 1524 papal brief releasing charles oath , absolving him perjuries might arise breaking it. pope authorized inquisition suppress oppositions upcoming conversions.


on november 25, 1525, charles issued edict ordering expulsion or conversion of remaining muslims in crown of aragon. similar case in castile, though option of exile available on paper, in practice impossible. in order leave realm, muslim have had obtain documentation siete aguas on aragon s western border, travel inland across entire breadth of castile embark sea coruña in northwest coast. edict set deadline of december 31 in kingdom of valencia, , january 26, 1526 in aragon , catalonia. failed arrive on time subject enslavement. subsequent edict said did not leave december 8 need show proof of baptism. muslims ordered listen without replying christian teachings.


a small number of muslims managed escape france , there muslim north africa. revolted against order – example, revolt broke out in serra d espadà. crown s troops defeated rebellion in campaign included killing of 5,000 muslims. after defeat of rebellions, entire crown of aragon nominally converted christianity. mosques demolished, first names , family names changed, , religious practice of islam driven underground.








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