Mythology Erichthonius of Athens

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athena scorning advances of hephaestus, paris bordone, between c. 1555 , c. 1560


according bibliotheca, athena visited smith-god hephaestus request weapons, hephaestus overcome desire tried seduce in workshop. determined maintain virginity, athena fled, pursued hephaestus. caught athena , tried rape her, fought him off. during struggle, semen fell on thigh, , athena, in disgust, wiped away scrap of wool (ἔριον, erion) , flung earth (χθών, chthôn). fled, erichthonius born semen fell earth. athena, wishing raise child in secret, placed him in small box.


athena gave box 3 daughters (herse, pandrosus , aglaurus) of cecrops, king of athens, , warned them never open it. overcome curiosity, aglaurus , herse opened box, contained infant , future-king, erichthonius ( troubles born earth, following etymology). (sources unclear regarding how many sisters participated.) sisters terrified saw in box: either snake coiled around infant, or infant half-man , half-serpent. went insane , threw off acropolis. other accounts state killed snake.


an alternative version of story athena left box daughters of cecrops while went fetch limestone mountain pallene peninsula use in acropolis. while away, aglaurus , herse opened box. crow saw them open box, , flew away tell athena, fell rage , dropped mountain carrying (now mt. lykabettos). in first version, herse , aglaurus went insane , threw deaths off cliff.


reign

when grew up, erichthonius drove out amphictyon, had usurped throne cranaus twelve years earlier, , became king of athens. married praxithea, naiad, , had son, pandion i. during time, athena protected him. founded panathenaic festival in honor of athena, , set wooden statue of on acropolis. according parian chronicle, taught people yoke horses , use them pull chariots, smelt silver, , till earth plough. said erichthonius lame of feet , consequently invented quadriga, or four-horse chariot, around more easily. said have competed chariot driver in games. zeus said have been impressed skill raised him heavens become constellation of charioteer (auriga) after death.


erichthonius succeeded son pandion i. snake symbol, , represented in statue of athena in parthenon snake hidden behind shield. sacred building on acropolis of athens, erechtheum, dedicated erichthonius.








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