The Cherokee period Chilhowee (Cherokee town)

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the now-submerged ancient site of chilhowee


anthropologist james mooney recorded 2 cherokee legends regarding chilhowee. first told story of utlunta, ogress roamed chilhowee area devouring children before cherokee cornered , killed on slopes of chilhowee mountain. legend concerned false warriors of chilhowee, band of warriors attacked force allied city , returned chilhowee claiming had heroically killed several of village s enemies. mooney believed word chilhowee rooted in cherokee word kingfisher, although hudson s research rejects this, arguing chilhowee cherokee pronunciation of muskogean name chalahume.


chilhowee doesn t appear among overhill towns until mid-18th century, although neighbors citico , tallassee appear in earliest english records of region. colonel george chicken, visited overhill towns in 1725 in hopes of cementing alliance against creeks, met @ tanasi townhouse head men of tanasi, citico, tallassee, great tellico, , coosaw. george hunter s map of overhill country shows tallassee, citico, tanasi, , great tellico, makes no mention of chilhowee. henry timberlake visited chilhowee on peace mission in 1761 , engaged in pipe-smoking ceremony town s head men, didn t elaborate. timberlake s draught of cherokee country shows 18 dwellings , townhouse @ chilhowee, , lists yachtino town s headman. 110 warriors reportedly residing @ chilhowee represented third largest fighting contingent among overhill towns, behind citico , chota.


the encroachment of euro-american settlers tennessee valley in 1770s led increased conflict valley s cherokee inhabitants. around time, headman of chilhowee, known old abraham (or abram ), had risen prominence among overhill cherokees. when cherokee aligned british @ outbreak of american revolution in 1776, old abraham , dragging canoe (the head man @ mialoquo) led two-pronged attack against fort watauga , heaton s station, respectively. expedition disaster, , prompted virginia dispatch colonel william christian small force subdue overhill towns. christian entered little tennessee valley unopposed , made truce several older chiefs, when dragging canoe refused accept peace offering, christian burned several overhill towns, including chilhowee. in 1788, old abraham , several other chiefs tomahawked death under flag of truce son of john kirk, settler family had been massacred members of cherokee militant factions on 9 mile creek.








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