History Hib vaccine

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1 history

1.1 polysaccharide vaccine
1.2 conjugate vaccine
1.3 combination vaccines





history
polysaccharide vaccine

the first hib vaccine licensed pure polysaccharide vaccine, first marketed in in 1985. similar other polysaccharide vaccines, immune response vaccine highly age-dependent. children under 18 months of age did not produce positive response vaccine. result, age group highest incidence of hib disease unprotected, limiting usefulness of vaccine. vaccine withdrawn market in 1988.


conjugate vaccine

the shortcomings of polysaccharide vaccine led production of hib polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine. attaching hib polysaccharide protein carrier increased ability of immune system of young children recognize polysaccharide , develop immunity. there 3 types of conjugate vaccine, utilizing different carrier proteins conjugation process: inactivated tetanospasmin (also called tetanus toxoid), mutant diphtheria protein, , meningococcal group b outer membrane protein.


combination vaccines

multiple combinations of hib , other vaccines have been licensed in united states, reducing number of shots necessary vaccinate child. hib vaccine combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis–polio vaccines , hepatitis b vaccines available in us. world health organization (who) has certified several hib vaccine combinations, including pentavalent diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-hepatitis b-hib, use in developing countries. there not yet sufficient evidence on how effective combined pentavalent vaccine in relation individual vaccines.








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